Meli Marine An Important Decision For The Company Essay

Introduction This essay contains five critical questions derived from the analysis of the case ‘Meli Marine’ by applying the relevant principles to help the CEO of Meli Marine make an important decision for the company. Critical questions 1. What’s Meli’s budget of entering the Asia-North America market? 2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of Meli Marine? 3. What are the risks and obstacles of this move? 4. Does the 16 vessels and their capacities suit best for the Asia-North America market? 5. Could Meli Marine continue using the customer-centric service strategy in the Asia-North America market? Justification and discussion of relative effectiveness of critical questions 1. ‘An investment is made to earn a return’ (Trotman, Gibbins and Carson 2012, p. 652). In order to make a sensible investment with adequate consideration of the company’s profitability, it would be vital for company to figure out both the budget for investment and the estimate revenue to see whether the move is commercially doable. There are also estimate costs which need to be focused on. If the potential expenses of an investing action tend to be much higher than budget, it might impel the company to bear liability pressure, or to give up the investment. The case noted that Meli Marine was given the opportunity to purchase the 16 vessels and enter the Asia-North America market. Buying ships seemed to be the first step of investment in this move, which would be followed by significant itemsShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Meli Marine On The Container Shipping Value Chain Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Meli Marine is a Singapore-based marine transport company which now has an opportunity to purchase 16 vessels from Teeh-Sah company to enter Asia-North America shipping market. The CEO of Meli Marine is wondering whether the move is right for the development of company. Some questions are designed to help him to make proper decisions. Besides, reasons in terms of the questions are justified in the following. Critical questions 1.Why the vessels price that Teeh-Sah gives is consideredRead Moreâ€Å"Implicit† and â€Å"Explicit† Csr: a Conceptual Framework for a Comparative Understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility13330 Words   |  54 Pagesattributed, and ready to claim, social responsibilities, this has not been so common elsewhere. Comparative research in CSR between Europe and the United State has identified remarkable differences between companies on each side of the Atlantic. This pertains, first, to the language companies use in describing their involvement in society. In a comparative study of corporate self-presentaWe thank former associate editor Thomas Donaldson and the anonymous reviewers for their input and support in developing

Social Media And Its Impact On Society Essay - 1658 Words

Social media is online platforms that are accessed through websites and phone applications where people can share photos, videos, thoughts, ideas, opinions, etc. Social media has been an ever changing and growing technology in today’s society. Some of the most popular social media platforms today consist of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Periscope, Pinterest, YouTube, and Reddit. As of January of 2016 there were over 2.307 billion active social media users (Chaffey, 2016). â€Å"Members of social networking websites communicate by posting we blogs (blogs), messages, video and music streams or files, and chatting† (An Overview of Social Networking Websites). Social media sites allow members and companies to promote themselves and their interests by creating and maintaining profiles on certain social media sites (An Overview of Social Networking Websites). Then people and or companies create content in which to post to their profile which displays on other peoples’ newsfeeds depending on if they are linked on through that particular social media platform. Social media is an ever-growing and changing digital media that both individuals and marketing departments of companies use. The NFL (National Football League) has adopted a social media policy for both their teams’ pages as well as the individual players within the league. Social media policies are normal for companies to adopt for their employees and for their own social media platforms that they use to convey information orShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Social Media On Society Essay917 Words   |  4 PagesHave you thought about the impact that social media has on society? Today I would like to address the impact of social media on society for those of you that are social media users and this includes the advantages or disadvantages that as associated with it. In this speech, I want to relate to you how social media is being used by social media users. Social media has forever changed the way society works, whether it’s the sharing of an idea, the communication of news, or the availability of productsRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has gained immense popularity, following increased access to the internet and technology devices including smart phones. Social media is used to denote platforms in which people build and share social connections; thus enhancing information sharing and interaction. Major examples include Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, Google+, Pinterest and Instagram. Through social media, people can connect, interact and exchange information such as pictures, videos and other digital media byRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1420 Words   |  6 PagesSocial media as we know has changed. Now instead of messaging we are able to video chat, and instead of not knowing where someone is now we are able to see there locations and where they live. This is all because of social media. Social media has taken the world by storm including social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram all sites where we communicate through text, videos, pictures, and much more. Rhetoric is used in social media and sometimes it can be overlooked. Sometimes we mightRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1563 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has consumed our society. 47% of American adults used social networking sites in 2011 like Facebook, Myspace, and Twitter; up from 26% in 2008(quoted from procon.org) the aspects of social media both have a positive and negative impact on life. Social networking sites promote interaction with distant fami ly and friends. Social networking sites can demonstrate opportunities to strengthen existing relationships and to develop new friendships as well. The downfall of social media sitesRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society970 Words   |  4 Pagespiece titled Friends Indeed for the Washington Post. Garreau brings up possible dangers, minor inconveniences, and what truly defines a friend in the new media world we live in. I felt Garreau came across as jaded by most of the interviews he conducted. He did not seem to speak with a wide array of people that gave positive impacts social media can have, but rather focused on the negatives of the subject. Garreau did bring up valid points, however, from personal safety to the aspect of differentRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pageswaiting for their next high, society has become more and more dependent on social media. One must realize, while the use of social media in today’s society is a necessity due to the fast-paced environment that has been created, it can never fully replace the value received from personal interaction with others. The short film titled, The Library Book, perfectly illustrates this as the characters within the film learn to assimilate in a society dominated by social media. The actions of each characterRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society987 Words   |  4 Pages The Negative Impact of Social Media on Society Marylin Vos Savant once said, â€Å"Email, instant messaging, and cell phones give us fabulous ability, but because we live and work in our own little worlds, that communication is totally disorganized†. The society we live in today requires modern technology. Texting, tweeting, and other forms of abbreviated communications are now changing how we speak. Of course technology and social media to be precise, is not necessarily evil; they have boosted the world’sRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society1652 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1968, popular artist Andy Warhol had brought to attention his opinion on the over-populated celebrity society of the time with his quote â€Å"In the future, everyone will be famous for fifteen minutes†. Times change, and the future approached, but Andy may have underestimated just how true that is. Nowadays, the quote has been translated to fit the modern times, â€Å"everyone will be famous for 15mb†. The quote being changed to that says a lot about the times that we are going through right now, whichRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1224 Words   |  5 Pages Social media is a variety of platforms provided to the public as a medium for expression and communication. Seemingly, social media could be viewed as a positive contribution to society, but one must consider the underlying effects of society. Many of us don’t take into account the role that social media plays in the way we perceive things, think, and live our lives. Social media plays a critical part in societal norms. â€Å"Social norms are rules of conduct that governs interactions among individualsRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages What it Means to be Black In 2016, society is at a place where people are able to discover tons of information at the touch of a finger; this indeed can impact on how we view common things in society, such as identity. This statement holds true for â€Å"blacks† or African Americans as well. The stigma that comes with being black has been around for centuries; however, many blacks are using social media to combat negativity. In an era predicated on the use of the internet, black people have proven to

Geometric Design Of Rural Roads Engineering Essay Free Essays

It is a good known fact that route accidents in South Africa are serious causes of concern. Harmonizing to the latest accident statistics at that place has been an addition in the figure of human deaths. Harmonizing to the article on the Arrive Alive web site ( Road decease toll ‘unacceptable ‘ ) [ 1 ] dated 3 January 2010, Transport Minister Sibusiso Ndebele is disappointed with the route decease toll, stating that one human death on the state ‘s roads is one excessively many. We will write a custom essay sample on Geometric Design Of Rural Roads Engineering Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Preliminary statistics released by the section on 2 January 2010 revealed that 1050 people had died in route related incidents during December 2009. N3 Road safety is non merely a major concern for South Africa but so a concern that requires the immediate attending of other states worldwide. The Commission for Global Road Safety has during June 2006 presented a study titled â€Å" Make Roads Safe † [ 2 ] that could hold an consequence on the manner we approach route safety. The study aims to concentrate on political and public attending and relates to the planetary route traffic hurt epidemic that claims the lives of 1.2 million people and hurts around 50 million yearly. Table: Gay period figures – December 2008 State Clang Fatalities Drivers Passengers Pedestrians Sum General practitioner 206 69 58 105 232 KZN 194 44 95 109 248 WCP 104 35 38 51 124 ECP 117 36 56 53 145 FST 83 30 42 35 107 MPU 131 65 52 44 161 NWP 81 28 38 40 106 LIM 132 59 80 35 174 NCP 24 9 19 5 33 1073 371 478 471 1331 Beginning: Traffic Focus March 2008, p38, â€Å" Fatal Road Accident Statistics † by Cielie Karow ( RTMC ) The study besides indicates that unsafe roads have a important impact on developmental aims, particularly because of the huge economic and societal cost of route clangs to low and in-between income states. South Africa is in this class. It is of import that the cognition gained by high income states be transferred and implemented in South Africa. The N3 path is a popular path during vacations and with high volumes of rider and cargo traffic on the roads, there is prone to be serious and fatal accidents. Road fury, velocity and driver behaviors are non the lone cause of these accidents. Holiday periods are by and large during the rainy season and route elements, particularly drainage, contribute to accidents. Superelevation There are changing point of views and sentiments among civil technology professionals on the use of superelevation values given in the TRH 17 [ 3 ] and SANRAL ‘s Geometric Design Guidelines [ 4 ] . The geometric design considerations need to be reviewed particularly when it relates to route surface drainage at points where the route has no crossfall during development of superelevation. Presently the SANRAL Drainage Manual, 5th Edition Final Revision, p5-2 [ 5 ] recommends that the flow deepness during a 1:5 twelvemonth storm should non transcend 6mm. This is in contrast to the Highway Drainage Manual ( FHWA-TS-79-225 ) [ 6 ] recommendation of 4mm. Harmonizing to Highway Surface Design ( Transit New Zealand ) Manual [ 7 ] , the critical deepness for aquaplaning scopes from 4mm to 10mm depending on Sur and paving surfacing. The surface H2O deepness hence, should be restricted to 4mm for all but particular state of affairss where superelevation produces long, curved flow waies. There are three common particular state of affairss where surface H2O deepness may go critical, viz. , horizontal alliance curvature, intersections and inclines and superelevation development. 2.2 Why is the research being undertaken? Standards for superelevation where steep perpendicular classs have a direct consequence on drainage on horizontal curves have non been developed harmonizing to the TRB [ 8 ] . Drain jobs associated with superelevation has resulted in an addition ( particularly at route broadenings ) in vehicular accidents and a thorough survey of the surface H2O flow waies on route surfaces due to superelevation demands need to be farther investigated, researched and analysed. The proposed analysis and context of the research proposal will place the factors such as velocity impacting the vehicle kineticss at crisp or decreased horizontal curves where flow waies of surface H2O are debatable and can take to aquaplaning. Driver behavior during aquaplaning in concurrence with the geometric design of the roadway are factors considered in the research. This survey will be done under heavy vehicular traffic conditions during inauspicious conditions conditions. ‘Context Sensitive Design ‘ ( CSD* ) [ 9 ] for the geometric design of safer roads will be addressed in the research survey. 2.3 How will the consequences add to the organic structure of cognition? The TRH 17 papers was compiled to be a design guideline for the geometric design of rural roads in penchant to criterions. An aim of the TRH 17 was to continuously amend the bill of exchange papers, through audience between the governments, treatment with practicians and ongoing research. This has non happened. It is common pattern by geometric interior decorators to utilize the TRH 17 papers for the design of rural roads without oppugning the values obtained in the tabular arraies and graphs. The cogency of the guidelines should be judged by the geometric interior decorator in each specific state of affairs every bit good as the effects of going from the values suggested. Similarly SANRAL ‘s Geometric Design Guidelines have been developed to help design advisers. The inceptions of the guidelines stem from AASHTO [ 10 ] . Currently there is no criterions developed for SA and these guidelines are authority specific. Literature reappraisal The literature reappraisal will depict the current province of cognition on the component and will be researched. Applicable literature listed hereunder have been identified. * † Context sensitive design ( CSD ) asks inquiries foremost about the demand and intent of the transit undertaking, and so every bit addresses safety, mobility, and the saving of scenic, aesthetic, historic, environmental, and other community values. CSD involves a collaborative, interdisciplinary attack in which citizens are portion of the design squad. † 3.1 Reference certification Refer to list of mentions ( 11.3 List of Mentions ) . How will the literature reappraisal nexus with the job statement and research aims? The literature reappraisal gives a background and base cognition to develop in this research survey. Case survey As portion of the on-going committedness towards route safety, convenience and mobility, N3TC conducted a comprehensive route safety audit in 2006 [ 11 ] which highlighted velocity as the chief cause of accidents at assorted locations along the N3 between Cedara and Heidelberg. Sections where velocity bounds are posted necessitates forbearance, appropriate decreases in velocity and full concentration on the portion of drivers. Accidents in these countries frequently occur because drivers lose control due to rushing, every bit good as the high velocity derived functions between heavy and light vehicles. Mist and inauspicious conditions conditions have a important impact of driver conditions. Van Reenen ‘s Pass is one of the most beautiful subdivisions of the N3 exceeding the escarpment between the Free State and Kwazulu-Natal renowned for its slippery and unstable roads ( peculiarly as a consequence of the frequent brumous conditions ) .The route is steep, really steep in topographic points, and turns and turns as it follows the cragged terrain. The conditions is risky at times with high air currents capable of blowing trains, light vehicles and light trucks onto their sides. Snow has on a figure of occasions wholly closed the Van Reenen ‘s Pass, whilst mist and rain on a regular basis cut down visibleness and render the route faithlessly unsafe. It is of peculiar involvement the visibleness of a figure of skid Markss on the route surfacing and guardrail replacing. Traffic, in peculiar heavy traffic, increases yearly as the economic system grows. Trucks unrelentingly ‘grind ‘ up and down Van Reenen ‘s Pass twenty-four hours and dark, while during extremum traffic periods every bit many as 3000 vehicles per hr use the base on balls. Using September 2004 to August 2006 statistics [ 12 ] , the day-to-day norm traffic was 9100 vehicles, of which 2600 were big trucks ( 5 axles or more ) , about a 3rd of all vehicles. During the month of December 2007 recorded at the Van Reenen ‘s Pass, the mean day-to-day traffic reached 11000. The velocity derived functions between trucks in low cogwheel and the powerful new coevals of light vehicles is highly awful, both up and down the base on balls. High velocity derived functions ( 76 % of drivers exceed the velocity bound on the base on balls ) and failure to accommodate velocity in relation to fortunes, have contributed to 70 % of all accidents on the base on balls over this period. Th e consequences do non portray a pretty image and from a route safety point of position, Van Reenen ‘s Pass is the individual most unsafe subdivision of the N3. N3TC has identified and addressed route safety on Van Reenen ‘s Base on balls from three points of position, viz. technology, instruction and enforcement [ 13 ] . N3TC has implemented intercessions to cut down the figure of accidents on the base on balls but presently the greatest causes of accidents is by vehicle softness ( inoperative brakes in peculiar ) , rear-end hits due to high velocity derived functions, unsafe inter-lane tactics and driver freak out in utmost conditions conditions. Elementss impacting safety at superelevation The drainage conditions of the roadway in relation to the vehicle kineticss need to be farther investigated as superelevation along crisp horizontal curves with decreased sight distances presents a important degree of driver concentration. The driver tends to rectify the vehicular way. The surface stormwater run-off flow way along the horizontal curve effects natural braking forces which in bend can take to seaplaning ( or aquaplaning ) . Aquaplaning occurs when H2O force per unit areas build up in forepart of a traveling Sur ensuing in an uplift force sufficient to divide the Sur from the paving. During high strength rainfall events, a H2O movie builds up on the surface on the route. The hazard of vehicle aquaplaning additions as the deepness of this movie increases. The loss of maneuvering and drag force produced during aquaplaning may so do the vehicle to lose control, particularly when a guidance Sur is involved. Rainfall strength is the most of import environmental factor in hydroplaning. The hazard of dynamic aquaplaning is straight relative to the deepness of H2O in the route surface. This deepness is affected by a broad scope of factors that are contributed to by the environment such as the geometric design, paving design, drainage design and care and by the status of the vehicle. The geometry of the route has a big consequence on the H2O deepness and is the factor over which the geometric interior decorator has the most control. The length of clip H2O is able to remain on the route will act upon the deepness it achieves. Longer flow waies intend more clip to roll up rainfall and consequence in higher movie deepnesss. Changes in superelevation, reduced horizontal alliance and droop curves are some of the job countries where the incline is low or where H2O has to flux a long manner over the paving before being intercepted by a drainage system or dispersing into the next terrain. Superelevation alterations can ensue in long curving flow waies which may be debatable. Steeper longitudinal inclines can besides increase the flow way length and ensuing deepness. The paving texture deepness effects the H2O deepness by leting some of this H2O to flux between the sum or in channels supplying flow waies to let H2O in forepart of the Sur to be forced out under force per unit area. Porosity can besides be considered as some pavings such as open-graded porous asphalt allow H2O to run out through them, taking it off from the surface. Wheel path depressions have a important consequence on the drainage patterns increasing H2O deepness and concentrating flow. The N3 has changing pavement surfacing of which an analysis will be done sing the flow way on these surfaces. Pavement drainage solutions is indispensable to guarantee that no H2O is able to pond on the trafficable route surface, peculiarly in sag countries. This is critical in order to cut down the aquaplaning hazard. Vehicle features and behaviors are besides of import factors in aquaplaning. The velocity at which a vehicle needs to go to get down aquaplaning is determined by H2O deepness but besides by the vehicle ‘s weight and Sur features. The vehicle weight determines how much uplift force is needed to bring on separation and it follows that a lighter vehicle will aquaplane at a lower velocity. Higher Sur force per unit areas increase the aquaplaning velocity by cut downing the contact country between Sur and route, increasing the vehicle ‘s weight to country ratio. Tyre pace deepness besides affects aquaplaning the same manner as pavement texture, with deeper pace traveling the H2O off from the country of contact more efficaciously. While minimal tyre pace deepness and maximal velocity are both specified by jurisprudence, minimal weight and Sur force per unit areas are non. These are vehicle maker recommendations specific. In drumhead, drainage demands versus vehicle kineticss are the cardinal factors to be considered in the development of superelevation standards at decreased horizontal curves to minimise aquaplaning on the N3. Practical considerations such as Sur deepness, paving features and drainage solutions will be evaluated along the path. The assorted literature reviewed amplifies the demand for safer roads and the N3 is considered to be the most traveled path in South Africa. Research background Significant roadway debasement such as shining of sums, hemorrhage of bitumen and rutting depletes the clash supply available for cornering. This depletion consequences from the usage of a part of the clash supply to supply the necessary braking force required to keep velocity on the downgrade. The velocity of the vehicles on the roadway and the vehicle kineticss will necessitate to be analysed as differing vehicles have different clash forces exerted on the roadway. It can non be assumed that the relevant design standards for a auto is similar to that of a truck or frailty versa. As the Independent Engineer, my old audit studies [ 14 ] on the N3 has indicated the assorted surfacing failures. Skid Markss are significantly prevailing and N3TC/SANRAL/DOT accident studies will necessitate to be investigated as portion of the research survey. It is noted from the TRH 17 that the design vehicle is a individual unit truck. This unwanted combination consequences in a important lessening in the border of safety ensuing from roadway class, particularly for heavy vehicles. On long or reasonably steep classs, drivers tend to go faster in the downgrade than in the upgrade way. Additionally, research has shown that the side clash demand is greater on both downgrades ( due to braking forces ) and steep ascents ( due to the grip forces ) . Downgrades on horizontal curves may be debatable, and that accommodation for it may be desirable in some instances. There are no guidelines as to how this accommodation should be made for two-lane or multilane divided or undivided roadways. Some accommodation in superelevation rates should be considered for classs steeper than 5 % . This accommodation is peculiarly of import on roadways with high truck volumes and on low-speed roadways with intermediate curves utilizing high degrees of side clash demand. The superelevation alteration proposition high spots that this accommodation be made by utilizing higher design velocities standards for the geometric design of the roadway. More unequivocal counsel on this accommodation, every bit good as accommodation for other elements of the horizontal curve, is needed. The design velocity versus minimal curve radii of horizontal curvature needs farther probe to guarantee safety on crisp horizontal curves taking the other related factors like superelevation, etc into consideration. The article published in the Pretoria News, â€Å" Wet conditions causes a spike in route accidents † [ 15 ] refers to the important addition in roadway accidents during showery conditions. The drainage demands and vehicle kineticss in relation to superelevation design of the roadway will be investigated and researched. I have consulted assorted professional applied scientists, engineers [ 16 ] and independent advisers [ 17 ] in the transit industry. The response received was favourable in footings of the demand for farther probes of superelevation in relation to drainage demands and vehicle kineticss for roadway geometric design. Research jobs and purposes I am presently the IE ( independent applied scientist ) and have audited the everyday route care points of the N3 for the past 3 old ages. As such, I have entree to some informations to analyze as portion of the survey. Assorted subdivisions of the N3 are presently being upgraded or rehabilitated to better the quality and lifetime of the route due to vehicular traffic additions. There is important freight motion. This has resulted in an addition in vehicular accidents. My point of view on the design considerations adopted on the N3 is subjective as driver safety factors and other extenuating hazards of vehicular accidents need to be farther investigated. From a geometric design analysis point of view, road-widening and general roadway rehabilitation are designed harmonizing to the bing roadway conditions and drainage jobs associated with superelevation is prevailing. Ponding has been recorded and ocular grounds is prevailing in certain countries. The general stormwater design standards should be viewed and analysed otherwise from the Kwazulu-Natal conditions as opposed to the Free-State and Gauteng conditions as the overflow rainfall strength and clip of concentration varies significantly. This survey will sketch and place the undermentioned conditions with specific superelevation standards development on the N3 path: Superelevation standards at steep gradients ( turn overing to cragged terrain ) with reduced/sharp horizontal curves ; Drain jobs associated with superelevation ; Flow waies on route surfaces due to superelevation ; and Speed and Vehicle kineticss at crisp horizontal curves. Steep classs at crisp horizontal curves presents a unsafe state of affairs for traffic. The two scenarios where this status is prevailing is at broken-back curves on cragged terrain ( Van Reenen ‘s Pass specifically and other identified countries ) with multi-lane, 2-way roads ( whether it is divided or undivided ) and/or high velocity downgrade at/before perpendicular droop curves. At these locations, the perplexing factors of vehicle â€Å" off-tracking † , pavement incline ( crossfall ) , and pavement clash tests the drivers ability to supply right vehicle positioning without compromising control of the vehicle. It has besides been recorded that air current has been a cause of accidents as the vehicles can non ‘grip ‘ onto the roadway ( particularly at ‘Windy Corner ‘ on the Van Reenen ‘s Pass. From old design considerations, accident-related jobs have arisen where, as a consequence of Reconstruction, bing main roads have been rebuilt utilizing the 8 % -10 % superelevation rates in conformity with current guidelines. The rate of superelevation development is nevertheless non reviewed or adjusted. Research methodological analysis The research attack has a both qualitative and quantitative attack. The theoretical research will consist of mathematical analysis with mold and simulation. The current geometric design guidelines for rural roads ( TRH 17 and SANRAL ‘s Geometric Guidelines ) will be used as base certification for values in the research input. Case survey subdivisions of the N3 will be decided upon and N3TC, SANRAL and the DoT ( both national and provincial ) will be informed of the research survey. Data aggregation and statistical information will be sourced from the relevant governments with anterior consent. This research would necessitate: the reappraisal of current design guidelines ; the development of an action program to accomplish the research objectives ; the aggregation of statistical informations ( from SANRAL, N3TC, etc ) and other relevant information ; elaborate ocular appraisal and rating of the roadway subdivision ; Falling Weight Deflection ( FWD ) measurings will be performed at 50m intervals instead on the left and right exterior wheel paths along the subdivision identified ; rut and siting quality measurings will be measured in both wheel waies every bit good as texture deepness along the outside wheel way as portion of the FWD measurings ; Measurements of the stormwater sheet flow overflow deepnesss will be measured utilizing conventional agencies ; vehicle kineticss will be physically and theoretically analysed ; the rating of the effects of assorted options contextualized in geometric design guidelines and campaigner standards taking into consideration the CSD attack ; and the readying of extenuating hazards, route safety steps and concluding geometric design standards for superelevation, drainage demands taking into consideration the velocity and vehicle kineticss at sharp/reduced horizontal curves. The accident studies sourced by SANRAL/N3TC/DoT ‘s archives will be of import for the research survey. The possible restrictions could be the hold in recovering these accident studies and ocular appraisals will be carried out as an option . Research aims The aim of this research is to: analyse the velocity and vehicle kineticss at crisp horizontal curves ; develop drainage criterias for flow waies or deepnesss on route surfaces due to superelevation ; develop superelevation standards for steep classs on crisp horizontal curves by placing and analysing drainage jobs associated ; design safe roads from a geometric design point of view by taking factors such as clip, cost, quality, CSD into consideration ; and develop an independent package tool to help geometric interior decorators and governments in the civil technology industry. It is noted that other standards associated with the design of horizontal curves such as tangent-to-curve passages, the demand for paving broadening, and minimal curve radii would besides be considered in the development of the standards. The standards will be based on quantitative informations obtained from theoretic considerations and simulations and verified by existent field observation. The identified countries for the existent field observations will be done by going the path and monitoring of the N3. Accident statistics will be indispensable as fact-finding mention for the background of the research survey. Plan of research activities Activity The activities to set about the research proposal will be to: expand literature survey ; collate statistical informations ; get permission for design informations from confer withing technology houses and SANRAL/N3TC/DoT archives ; coordinate with SANRAL/N3TC with regard to experimental countries identified ; analyse the design guidelines ( geometric and drainage ) for rural roads ; fix the roadway mold and simulation for the assorted superelevation standards taking into consideration the drainage demands and vehicle kineticss ; Analyse the sheet flow way ( hydraulic analysis ) for the drainage demands ( perpendicular class versus route width – at sharp/reduced horizontal curves ) – the Rational Method will be used ; Investigate the CSD of route rehabilitation undertakings in relation to geometric design considerations for future route rehabilitation and major building undertakings ( It is noted that the De Beer ‘s Pass will be constructed as an option to the Van Reenen ‘s Pass ) ; Analyse research findings and observations utilizing relevant package ; Synthesize the research findings, observations and consequences ; and Write the study. Timeframe This research would take 18 months to finish. Potential end products The possible end products for the research survey will be to: Reduce or increase the superelevation values or rates, dependent on research end products, with regard to vehicle kineticss and roadway breadths ; Analyse the drainage flow waies as superelevation rates or values in relation to the drainage demands and vehicle kineticss will find the standards to be adopted for safe driver conditions ; The velocity versus vehicle kineticss analysis at crisp or decreased horizontal curves will supply suited guidelines for future rehabilitation and road-widening undertakings ; CSD findings and observations to be adopted in future route rehabilitation and major Reconstruction undertakings ; and Produce an independent package plan which will be exhaustively researched, tested and developed as a tool for geometric interior decorators and governments in the civil technology industry. This package can be integrated utilizing current technology package utilised by confer withing technology service suppliers, authorities establishments and assorted organisations will be investigated. Research results The result of this research will help design advisers in finding a much easier and safer design attack to plan rehabilitation, road-widening and major building undertakings, by placing job countries and supplying appropriate design values. The recommended standards would be documented in the concluding study and besides presented in a signifier that could be used by assorted governments. Presentations will be made at national and international conferences, seminars or symposiums associating to geometric design of roads. Workshops and talks will be conducted or presented through educational institutes, CESA and other governments in the civil technology industry. The research survey will be published as an article in transit diaries and the research sum-up will be published in several magazines. I am of the sentiment that I envisage national acclamation for the research and part of the research outputs to constructing the cognition base in South Africa. Key mentions and certification 11.1 Governments, Institutes and other beginning of mention Department of Transport ( National and Provincial ) ( DoT ) Road Traffic Management Corporation ( Pty ) Ltd ( RTMC ) South African National Roads Agency Limited ( SANRAL ) N3 Toll Concession ( Pty ) Ltd ( N3TC ) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research ( CSIR ) Transport Research Board ( TRB ) American Society for Civil Engineers ( ASCE ) Consulting Engineers South Africa ( CESA ) Durban University of Technology ( DUT ) University of Stellenbosch ( SUN ) Aurecon SA ( Pty Ltd ( AURECON ) WSP SA Civil and Structural Engineers ( WSP ) 3D Compu-Systems ( 3DCS ) 11.2 Design Guidelines and Standards Technical Recommendations for Highways ( TRH 17 – Geometric Design of Rural Roads – Draft 1988 ) SANRAL Geometric Design Guidelines SANRAL Drainage Manual ( 5th Edition – to the full revised ) Design of Highway Drainage Manual ( FHWA-TS-79-225 ) AASHTO – A Policy on the Geometric Design of Highways and Streets 5th Edition ( 2004 ) How to cite Geometric Design Of Rural Roads Engineering Essay, Essay examples

Compare the Red Room and Farthing House looking particularly at the ways in which they build tension Essay Example For Students

Compare the Red Room and Farthing House looking particularly at the ways in which they build tension Essay The Red Room and Farthing House are both ghost stories which use the setting of unfamiliar places, The Red Room in a castle, and Farthing House in a residential nursing home for the elderly, to introduce their concept of a ghost. While The Red Room was written in an earlier period, Farthing House is more contemporary, but both refer back to the past when telling the history of the castle and Farthing House, and of its former deceased inhabitants. However, while The Red Room introduces the presence of a ghost, which the character is there to confront; in Farthing House the character meets the ghost by accident or coincidence. In The Red Room the ghost seems to be a figment of the characters imagination induced by his fear, while in Farthing House the ghost seems very realistic, despite not being set in the past, with the powerful descriptions of the look of the ghost and how she moves and cries. Both The Red Room and Farthing House are typical ghost stories. They both successfully use the surroundings of an old castle and an old house, which have long histories with deceased former inhabitants, to provide the opportunity for the places to haunted. Although in Farthing House someone dies in Cedar Room, in The Red Room someone actually dies outside the room after falling downstairs which leaves the reader less convinced the room is haunted. In Farthing House a church graveyard, another place where ghosts are traditionally supposed to appear, is visited during the day to build the atmosphere. Both stories use unfamiliar surroundings so that both the characters telling the story are ill-at-ease in rooms that are not their own and this allows for the possibility of shadows to become something more, real or imagined. Shadows and statues are personified and lurk in corners, take steps and sprang back into place, as if they were human. There is an effective use of the contrast of darkness/lightness in both stories. Ghosts are traditionally supposed to appear in the dead of night so darkness and colours such as black and grey are frequently used. For example, in The Red Room the moon is slivery and the black of the room is sombre. There is rich imagery and personification of the flickering candlelight and firelight in The Red Room which are powerfully extinguished. In Farthing House the great red sun goes down on the horizon and the dull electric lamps are like dim candlelight and the dawn is grey which sets the atmosphere in Farthing House. Both use nature, particularly the wind, and the sound of birds and trees rustling in the night which echo and introduce eerie movement/stillness and noise/peace into the story. In The Red Room the silence echoes and in Farthing House the sobs of the ghost echo. The breeze from the wind also allow the introduction of changes in temperature so that the characters shiver, feel chills and draughts and tremble. But they also become hot with panic and are soaked in sweat or pant with breathlessness. Farthing House also introduces the sense of smell with antiseptic to alert another one of the readers senses. In The Red Room, there is initial tension which builds and grows to a climax when the narrator knocks himself unconscious. Repetition is used to increase the tension with phrases such as it is your own choosing to confront the ghost and this night of all nights to do so. .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .postImageUrl , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:hover , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:visited , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:active { border:0!important; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:active , .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600 .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4c3974516b5b5340671d01edf72fc600:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Stereotypical kind EssayThe elderly people who introduce him to the house are not welcoming and he describes their aging deformities and presence as if they were already ghosts from the past, their very existence was spectral. The tenseness builds up when he is left to enter the long hallways alone: the long, draughty, subterranean passage was chilly and dusty, and my candle flared and made the shadows cower and quiver. Upon entering the room the tenseness is increased with the fact the candle was a little tongue of light in its vastness, that failed to pierce the opposite end of the room and the sombre reds and blacks troubled me. The young man examines ever corner of the room closely as it is unfamiliar but still finds the remoter darkness of the place too stimulating for the imagination and, by this time I was in a state of considerable nervous tension. Later after the candles are suddenly extinguished he cries with terror and dashed at the alcove in desperation and was almost frantic with horror of the coming darkness and leapt panting and dishevelled from candle to candle, which demonstrated how afraid he was of the darkness as it was letting his imagination run wild. We as readers, are almost relieved when he hits his head and become unconsciousness abruptly because he is at last free of his fear of the dark or his perception of the existence of a ghost. In Farthing House the tension is not built up to a crescendo, but builds and falls intermittently. There is a tenseness of the unknown of the location as the road narrowed to a single track, between trees, I began to feel nervous. It was very quiet, very out of the way. There is also an evocative antiseptic smell. However, the tension falls away immediately once inside the house she is warmly greeted by a friendly matron. She is also reassured by how comfortable and warm the house is, as well as by spending the evening happily reminiscing with her aunt about familiar family and childhood days. When the woman is shown unexpectedly to the Cedar Room, where she has learned an elderly resident has recently died, we expect the ghost to be related to that person. The tension rises again when she is alone in the room, she is forced to acknowledge again what had been at the back of her mind all the time, almost like having a person at my shoulder, though just out of sight. She hears the cries of a baby along the corridor but dismisses it matter-of-factly as noise from the television, and is content reading a novel and comforted by how her aunt has settled in at the home. She gets to sleep and instead of the reader anticipating a bad dream she happily dreams of the past. Then she wakes suddenly and senses a presence in the room, but dismisses it as simply her dream and turns on the lamp to confirm this only to find the most profound melancholy of spirit that had overcome me on my arrival. The story becomes the most tense when she hears the ghost crying and follows her nervously to try and help her. The next morning she feels ill-at-ease and takes a walk and ends up in the church graveyard and discovers the gravestone of a women and her baby daughter who died in 1902 and had lived at Farthing House when it was a home for women with illegitimate children. This reveals to us that the unhappy ghost was not at rest because she was looking for her daughter. We as readers are glad the story has a happy ending for the ghost, when in the present a woman takes a baby from a pram. The mother and daughter are reunited and the ghost no longer haunts the area as she is now at peace. At the beginning of The Red Room, the young man who is the narrator is very confident it would take a very tangible ghost to frighten me but progressively became less confident about confronting the non-tangible ghost who he does not see, so cannot describe unlike the ghost in Farthing House. .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .postImageUrl , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:hover , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:visited , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:active { border:0!important; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:active , .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uee5ace31e674cceecadc609a0a4e1aef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare the presentation of your chosen character in the play with the presentation of the same character in an adaptation of the play EssayThe reader is never really certain there is a ghost and it appears that it is fear of the shadows, darkness and the wind that has gripped him. In contrast in Farthing House, the character or narrator is anxious at first because she is not certain how her aunt is settling in at the home, and added to this feels guilty that she was not looking after her aunt herself. She does not like staying in hotel rooms and is apprehensive about the presence in Cedar Room. Nevertheless, instead of stabbing frantically at the shadows on the wall and re-lighting extinguished candles to reassure herself like the other character in The Red Room, she finds the confidence to go and follow the unhappy ghost to see if she can be of assistance in finding her lost baby. The character convinces us, too, that there is a real ghost and it is not just psychological or in her dreams by vividly describing a woman in old-fashioned clothes from the past. Both stories were well written and even if there was not a real ghost in The Red Room, we as readers feel as tense as the character in the story, and in Farthing House despite being set in modern times it was realistic that there was actually a ghost. In The Red Room it was pleasing that the elderly people came to rescue the young man after he injured himself even though they did not welcome his over-confident attitude at the beginning. In Farthing House it was comforting that the main character was able to also rescue the unhappy ghost and the story ended happily, despite the death of a much-loved aunt.